Outline

__A. Obstacles to Italian Unity __
1. Italy was like a battle ground, battles and wars were frequent.

2. Italy had dreams of becoming a nation unity.

3. The goal for this new society was to become like the Roman Empire, but in more of an economical way.

4. Giuseppe Mazzini founded young Italy in the 1803's

=__B. The struggle for Italy __=

__A. Cavour becomes Prime Minister __
1. The new prime minister, Count Camillo Cavour, improved agriculture, had railroads built, and encouraged commerce by supporting free trade. He wanted to end Austrian power in Italy and annex the provinces of Lombardi and Venetia.

__**B. Intrigue with France **__
1. Cavour made a secret deal with Napoleon who promised to aid Sardinia if they got in a war with Austria.

2. Cavour started the war purposely and Sardinia defeated Austria and annexed Lombardi.

__C. Garibaldi’s “red shirts” __
1. Next in the kingdom of the two Sicilies in southern Italy, Giuseppe Garibaldi, an ally of Mazzini, created an Italian Republic. They recruited 1000 red- shirted volunteers and were supplied by Cavour.


 * 2. They quickly won Sicily and went north to Naples. **

__D. Unity at last __
1. Since Garibaldi started becoming so powerful, Cavour feared that the nationalist hero would set up his own republic in the south.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">2. Cavour sent Victor Emmanuel to deal with Garibaldi and Garibaldi patriotically turned over Naples and Sicily; Victor Emmanuel was crowned king of Italy.

__<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">A. Divisons __
<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">1.The greatest diffrences that were between the north and the south.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">2. The north was richer and had more cities, and flourish as the center of business.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">3. The south was rural and poor.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">4. Hostility between Italy and the roman catholic church divided that nation.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">5. Popes saw themselves as prisoners, and urged Italian catholics, not to cooperate with their new government.

__<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">B. Turmoil __
<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">1. Under Victor Emmanual, Italy had a two legislature house. <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">2. The upper house could veto bills that were passed by the lower house.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">3. Socialist organized strikes with anarchists, people who want to abonish the goverment, and turned to violence.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">4. Goverment passed a law that improved social conditions.

__<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">C.Economic Progress __
<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">1. Although Italy lacked natural resources, industries did sprout in the north.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">2. Industrialization brought urbanization such as cities and factories.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">3. The population exploded, so people emigrated to their homeland to the United States, and Canada.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">4. By the 1914, the country was better then it had been, but they weren't prepared for the war that broke out that year.